People who are more at risk of having liver cancer need to undergo the examinationat regular intervals. Generally you will undergo the following examinations:
Monitoring for the detection of liver cancer intensively
If you belong to a group of people who suffered from liver cancer high risk such aspeople with cirrhosis, it is advisable to carry out periodic inspections every six months.
Examination usually through two stages, namely, blood tests and ultrasound(ultrasound). Blood tests to detect the presence or absence of a protein in the bloodcalled Alpha fitoprotein (AFP). In addition, ultrasonography or ultrasound performedto see abnormalities in liver organs.
Tests Confirm The Diagnosis
There are several tests that can be used to confirm a diagnosis of liver cancer, namely:
- An MRI scan
- CT scan
- Biopsy
- Laparoscopy
- However, you do not need to use all kinds of tests to make sure the diagnosis.
Developmental stages of liver cancer
The ranking system Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) divide the five developmental stages of liver cancer as follows:
Stadium o
patients still in conditions of healthy as well as his heart is functioning properly, but there are tumors of less than 2 cm in diameter.
Stage a
patients in the conditions of healthy and his heart is functioning normally. But it has grown a tumor diameter is less than 5 cm, or three or more tumor with diameterless than 3 cm.
Stage b
there are several tumors in the liver, but not affect the function of the heart.
Stage c
the cancer has started to spread into the blood vessels, into the surroundinglymph node or other parts of the body. The body of the person with not-so-healthyheart function and does not work so well.
Stage d
the people start showing symptoms of end stage liver disease, such as a buildup of fluid in the abdomen. Hearts have lost most of the capabilities of its current status.
People with liver cancer will be handled with the kind of treatment that is in accordance with the respective stage of cancer. There are three main ways that can be done to deal with the cancer of the liver:
Resection of liver organ part: taking the affected.
A liver transplant operation to replace the organ with a new heart.
Radiofrequency ablation/of (adoption with radio frequency): uses heat to killcancerous cells.
Patients can be recovered if the diagnosed cancer, cancer that she suffered was on thestadium a. However the total healing cannot be done if the cancer is detected at stageB or c. Whereas at the stadium only care D, will focus on relieving pain and discomfort.
Elevation of liver cancer through surgery
Surgical resection is performed by lifting the cancerous cells through surgery. It generally takes 3-4 months to recover Your organs after operations. However you areallowed to leave the hospital within the next 6-12 days after surgery.
However, like all medical procedures, surgical resection is also has risks. About 25percent of liver resection surgery complications such as infection, bleeding orthrombosis in the vein. An estimated 30 people who undergo liver resection surgery, there were 7 people who died after or during surgery. This is because the liverresection can sometimes cause a deadly complications such as heart attacks.
The donor liver transplantation
Transplants can be done using organs from people who have died as well as donorswho are still alive. Each way has advantages and disadvantages:
A transplant from a person who died:
- It can take quite a long time to wait for a suitable donor.
- The result is better than any of the charities that are still alive.
Transplants from living donors:
- No need to wait for too long.
- This procedure complications rate higher.
- The results tend to be not as good as if you use the heart of someone who has died.
In addition, a liver transplant is done just right for certain cases. This procedure is usually appropriate if the tumor diameter is less than 5 cm. And will not be useful if you have multiple tumors or tumors are one more than 5 cm in diameter. A liver transplant may be recommended for:
People with three or more of the tumor with a diameter less than 3 cm
People with tumors that are very responsive to treatment and shows no signs of tumor development until six months later.
Killing cancer cells with Radio frequency
Of Radiofrequency Ablation or kill cancer cells and tumor size menyusutkan with thewarming process using a flow of electricity.
Ablation/appointment with radio frequency can be recommended as alternativemeasures other than operations to handle cases with one or more tumors of less than 5 cm in diameter.
After undergoing the procedure, you may feel uncomfortable and experience symptoms resembling the flu, like chills or muscle pain for a few days. Although rare,possible complications are bleeding, infection, minor burns or damage to surroundingorgans.
Chemotherapy Treatment
The type of chemotherapy is recommended for dealing with liver cancer stages B and C are called kemoembolisasi (transcatheter arterial chemoembolization TACE/). This treatment does not cure, but rather just relieve pain and extend life expectancy. Butthis procedure is not recommended for dealing with liver cancer Stage D because it can aggravate the condition.
Kemoembolisasi can be run while people are waiting for organs to transplant hearts.This procedure helps prevent the spread of cancer to the liver while the patient awaitsaround the liver graft. Kemoembolisasi traveled with a combination of two techniques:
Help slow tumor growth by injecting gel or small plastic granules into the blood vessels that drains the tumor
Chemotherapy drugs are injected directly into your heart. This process keeps patients from side effects that are often associated with the ' traditional ' chemotherapy such as hair loss and fatigue.
About a month after undergoing kemoembolisasi, response body against him will be evaluated with CT scans.
About 30% of patients undergoing kemoembolisasi experienced a side effect known as post-kemoembolisasi syndrome with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, abdominalpain, fever, and loss of appetite. These side effects may disappear after 1-2 weeks.
In addition, there are also some more kemoembolisasi complications are rare:
- Inflammation of the liver.
- Worsening of liver function. Usually is temporary.
- Swelling of the abdomen due to fluid buildup.
- Damage to the ducts or gallbladder.
Alcohol injection selections
A shot of alcohol aimed at making cancer cells is dehydrated and stop the flow ofblood to tumors. These treatments can only be done if you just have a few small tumors.
Sorafenib
Sorafenib is a tablet used to treat liver cancer in certain cases. Not all cases of liver cancer can be treated with sorafenib. In the advanced stages of liver cancer cases, the use of sorafenib may not be advisable because the benefits are limited. The medical team will examine whether the drug is likely to bring benefits or harm, and appropriately or not if it is used to you.
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